414 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study reveals that GRAF1-dependent endocytotic processes and the Golgi apparatus independently supply membrane material to drive the formation of novel intermediate doughnut-shaped structures during early ciliogenesis.
This study identifies the conserved i-AAA protease Yme1 as a critical regulator that enables mitochondrial-derived compartment (MDC) formation by proteolytically remodeling lipid transfer and MICOS complex proteins to relieve constraints on membrane biogenesis during stress.
This study demonstrates that the DNA repair protein RAD51 is upregulated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and its inhibition via siRNA or the drug B02 disrupts fibroblast metabolism and DNA repair to promote apoptosis, thereby offering a promising therapeutic strategy to reverse lung fibrosis.
This study demonstrates that DNA damage drives a unique, p21-associated senescent-like state in neurons characterized by a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and NF-κB1 activation, which transcriptionally mirrors Alzheimer's disease pathology and differs significantly from the p16-associated, SASP-lacking senescence observed in fibroblasts.
This study reveals that the Igf2-Igf binding protein complex, which is sequestered in neuroendocrine stem cells until injury releases it to drive proliferation via Rb repression, serves as a critical mechanism linking tissue repair to the initiation of small cell lung cancer.
The paper introduces SHOT-CCR, a biologically guided test-time adaptation framework that leverages cell-invariant gradient reversal to decouple morphological signals from batch effects, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy in classifying genetic perturbations across diverse Cell Painting datasets.
This study employs a genome-wide strategy to identify TXNDC15 as a novel, catalysis-independent essential factor in MARCHF6-mediated ERAD that regulates substrate exit from the ER and maintains lipid homeostasis.
This study establishes that airway epithelial homeostasis and stress adaptation in *Drosophila* are governed by a "Goldilocks principle" of JAK/STAT signaling, where balanced activity is essential for cell survival and integrity, while sustained overactivation drives pathological remodeling that is conserved across species and reversible via pharmacological inhibition.
This study demonstrates that integrating genetic code expansion with rational site selection allows for the minimally disruptive incorporation of the fluorescent noncanonical amino acid Anap into G3BP1 and TDP-43, enabling highly accurate visualization of their stress-induced dynamics and pathobiology in live cells and neurons without compromising protein function.
This study identifies small-molecule modulators that inhibit AHR, DOT1L, or GSK3 to dramatically enhance the efficiency and cytotoxic function of stroma-free, hiPSC-derived T cells, thereby establishing a robust strategy for scalable universal and autologous T cell therapies.