361 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study identifies a novel mechanosensitive PIEZO1-ANGPT2-ITGA9 signaling loop in Schlemm's canal endothelium that regulates intraocular pressure, revealing that disruption of this pathway leads to glaucoma and highlighting it as a promising therapeutic target.
The paper introduces CytoType and its simplified variant ESM-CE, species-specific models that leverage pre-trained protein embeddings to achieve cell type classification performance comparable to large foundation models while using orders of magnitude fewer parameters and offering greater interpretability.
This study demonstrates that the pharmacological NRF2 activator Omaveloxolone upregulates NRF2-target proteins and modestly increases SMN protein levels in Spinal Muscular Atrophy type I fibroblasts, which exhibit diminished basal NRF2 pathway output compared to controls.
This study identifies a rare Tcf4 lineage-negative stem cell population in the colon that is essential for wound repair and serves as the specific cell of origin for Apc-deletion-induced tumors in a Tcf4-haploinsufficient background.
This study reveals that C9ORF72-derived polyGR polypeptides disrupt nucleocytoplasmic transport in ALS/FTD by non-linearly retuning the nuclear pore's selectivity barrier, causing a biphasic modulation where proteins with moderate hydrophobicity exhibit enhanced transport while highly hydrophobic proteins are suppressed and accumulate in the cytoplasm.
This study reveals that TRIM21 functions as a molecular rheostat for influenza A virus replication by exerting expression-dependent, graded effects that couple viral nucleoprotein ubiquitination with innate immune modulation, while simultaneously restraining a latent PRKDC-mediated antiviral pathway.
This study identifies SLC33A1 as the primary transporter responsible for exporting oxidized glutathione (GSSG) from the endoplasmic reticulum, a critical mechanism for maintaining ER redox homeostasis and ensuring proper protein maturation.
The paper introduces the Advanced Mobile Laboratory (AML), a field-deployable platform that integrates high-end imaging, cell sorting, and cryo-preparation technologies to enable immediate, multiscale analysis of environmental microbial communities directly at the sampling site, thereby bridging the gap between field ecology and mechanistic cell biology.
This study demonstrates that the FDA-approved PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone effectively redirects fibro-adipogenic progenitors from forming ectopic bone to generating ectopic fat, thereby eliminating heterotopic ossification lesions in mouse models of both fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva and trauma-induced heterotopic ossification.
This study reveals that immune cell directional persistence in complex 3D environments is stabilized not by the abundance of protrusions, but by the temporal organization of protrusion dynamics coordinated by two spatially distinct myosin II architectures at the leading edge and rear.